MU MYAKA ya za 50, abantu basaga n’abari baramaze guhashya ibiheri. Hari abantu bari bazi ibiheri mu magambo gusa, kuko babyumvaga mu mvugo igira iti “nuryama wirinde kuribwa n’ibiheri.” Icyakora mu myaka ya za 70, ibihugu byinshi byaretse gukoresha umuti wica ibiheri witwa dedeti, kuko wicaga abantu kandi ukangiza ibidukikije.

Nanone, ibiheri byarushijeho kugira ubudahangarwa ku yindi miti. Abantu batangiye no gukora ingendo nyinshi, noneho bakagarukana ibiheri batabizi. Ibyo byagize izihe ngaruka? Hari raporo yo mu mwaka wa 2012 yavugaga ibirebana no kurwanya ibiheri, yagize iti “mu myaka 12 ishize, ibiheri byongeye kwaduka muri Amerika, Kanada, mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, mu bihugu bitandukanye by’i Burayi, muri Ositaraliya no mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe byo muri Afurika.”

Mu mugi wa Moscou mu Burusiya, raporo zivuga iby’icyorezo cy’ibiheri zikubye incuro icumi mu mwaka wa vuba aha, ugereranyije n’uwawubanjirije. Hagati aho, muri Ositaraliya ibyorezo by’ibiheri byiyongereyeho incuro zigera ku 5.000 ku ijana kuva mu wa 1999!

Hari abantu bavana ibiheri mu maduka, mu mazu y’imyidagaduro cyangwa mu mahoteli batabizi. Hari umuyobozi wa hoteli yo muri Amerika wavuze ati “ibiheri ntaho wabicikira. Umuntu wese ukora imirimo runaka, aba agomba guhangana na byo.” Kuki guhashya ibiheri bigoye? Wabyirinda ute? None se ibiheri biramutse biguteye, ni ibihe bintu bifatika wakora kugira ngo ubihashye burundu?

Ibiheri bishobora kwihisha aho ari ho hose, kuko birutwa n’akabuto ka pome kandi bikaba bibwase. Bishobora kwihisha mu igodora, mu ntebe, ameza, ibitanda, ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi ndetse no muri telefoni. Ibiheri byihisha mu ntera iri hagati ya metero eshatu n’esheshatu uvuye aho uburiri n’intebe biri. Kubera iki? Ni ukugira ngo bibe hafi yawe, kuko bitungwa n’amaraso yawe! *

Ibiheri bikunze kuruma abantu basinziriye. Icyakora, abantu benshi ntibumva ko igiheri kirimo kibaruma, kubera ko kibatera ikinya kikamara iminota igera ku icumi kibanyunyuza amaraso. Nubwo ibiheri bishobora kuruma umuntu buri cyumweru, bishobora kumara amezi menshi bitarya kandi bikabaho.

Ni iby’ukuri ko nta ndwara izwi ikwirakwizwa n’ibiheri, nk’uko bimeze ku mibu n’izindi nigwahabiri zimwe na zimwe. Ariko iyo birumye umuntu, bishobora gutuma yishimagura, aho byamurumye hakabyimba kandi bikamubuza amahwemo. Abariwe n’ibiheri bashobora kubura ibitotsi, bagakorwa n’isoni kandi bagakomeza kwikanga ko birimo bibarya na nyuma  yaho kandi nta bigihari. Hari raporo yo muri Siyera Lewone yavuze ko ibiheri “bibuza abantu amahwemo kandi bigatuma barara badasinziriye.” Iyo raporo yatanze umuburo w’uko “umuntu ashobora guhabwa akato bitewe n’ibiheri.”

Ibiheri bishobora gutera umuntu uwo ari we wese. Kubirwanya birushaho koroha iyo ubibonye hakiri kare. Ku bw’ibyo, itoze gutahura ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ibiheri byaguteye, cyangwa ko wabyanduriye mu rugendo. Jya ugenzura imizigo yawe, ibikoresho byo mu nzu no ku nkuta ahagana hasi kugira ngo urebe ko nta magi yabyo cyangwa ibizinga by’amaraso bihari. Jya ubishakisha ukoresheje itoroshi.

Jya ukora uko ushoboye ibiheri bibure aho byihisha. Jya usiba imitutu iri mu nkuta cyangwa ahandi hantu hasadutse mu bizingiti by’umuryango. Nubwo ibiheri bidaterwa n’umwanda, gutahura aho biri no kubirwanya byakoroha uramutse ugiye ukora isuku buri gihe kandi ukirinda akaduruvayo mu nzu. Mu gihe waraye muri hoteli, ujye wirinda kurambika ivarisi hasi cyangwa kuyegereza igitanda kugira ngo utahavana ibiheri.

Mu gihe usanze ibiheri mu nzu yawe cyangwa mu cyumba cyo muri hoteli, ushobora kumva uhangayitse cyangwa bikagutera isoni. Igihe Dave n’umugore we bari mu biruhuko, ibiheri byarabariye. Dave yaravuze ati “twumvise biduteye isoni. Twibazaga niba turi bubibwire incuti zacu cyangwa bene wacu tugeze mu rugo. Twumvaga ko nitubibabwira maze hakagira ikintu kibarya cyangwa bakishimagura, bari gukeka ko bariwe n’ibiheri bavanye iwacu.” Nubwo kugira izo mpungenge byumvikana, isoni ntizikakubuze gushaka ubufasha. Urwego rushinzwe ubuzima rwo mu mugi wa New York rwijeje abantu ko “kurwanya ibiheri bishoboka nubwo bitoroshye.”

Icyakora, ntukiyibagize ko guca burundu ibiheri bitoroshye. Mu gihe utewe n’ibiheri, jya witabaza amasosiyete afite uburenganzira bwo kurwanya udukoko. Nubwo imiti twigeze kuvuga itagikoreshwa, abantu bashinzwe kurwanya udukoko bafite uburyo bwinshi bwo kubirwanya. Dini M. Miller, umuhanga mu by’udukoko, yaravuze ati “kurwanya ibiheri bisaba ubufatanye hagati ya nyir’inzu, abakodesha n’amasosiyete ashinzwe kurwanya udukoko.” Nukurikiza amabwiriza y’impuguke mu kubirwanya kandi ukabifatira ingamba zifatika, uzabihashya.”